The operating system

What is The operating system ?
is first software program to load when a computer is turned on or open , and acts as a host for that applications are run on the machine. the operating system has even greater responsibilities and powers. It is like a traffic cop-the most popular operating systems are DOS and windows but others are available, such as Linux.

Speaker

Speaker : is an electromechanical transducer that converts an electrical signal to sound.
and there are many different shapes of speakers

Keyboard and Mouse

What is the Keyboard?
keyboard is an input device , partially modeled after the typewriter keyboard,which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys -The keys that operate the computer, very much like a typewriter, with extra keys for special function.

What is the Mouse?
A mouse is a small object you can roll along a hard, flat surface. Its name is derived from its shape, which looks a bit like a mouse

The monitor

The monitor displays the video and graphics information generated by the computer through the video card- Monitors are very similar to televisions but display information at a much higher quality and there are Many different kinds of monitor and there are many kinds of Monitors

CRT: that are mechanically very similar to televisions. Due to the high energy of some of the radiation emitted from CRTs-the normal one and the cheaper than LCD




LCD: monitors are the new kids on the block and much more desirable as one of the best computer monitors. Let's take a look at the considerations needed when contemplating the purchase of a LCD monitor.

CD-ROM and CD-RW and DVD

What is the CD-ROM?
(Compact Disc-Read )Only Memory is a laser-encoded optical memory storage medium on which digital data is stored



What is CD-RW?
Compact Disk - Read Writeable. A form of digital media that is based on the use of a laser to read from a plastic disc- or a type of CD disk that enables you to write onto it in multiple sessions. One of the problems with CD-R disks is that you can only write to them once. With CD-RW drives and disks, you can treat the optical disk just like a floppy or Hard disk, writing data onto it multiple times.

What is the DVD-RW ?
Short for DVD-Re Writable, are-recordable DVD format similar to DVD+RW. The data on a DVD-RW disc can be erased and recorded over numerous times ...the users could record and erase and re-record data onto compact discs, the same is now true of DVDs.

With so many different formats the user can choose which any one can buy it

Sound card

what is The Sound Card ?
A device that allows a computer to play sophisticated audio.A sound card is an internal computer component that processes audio files in order to provide high-quality playback through computer speakers
and Creative is king of the sound cards.

VGA card

What is the VGA?
The term Video Graphics Array (VGA)- refers specifically to the display hardware
The memory capacity of most modern video cards range from 128 MB to 4.0 GB
-that card put in special socket in Motherboard
and there many company make good cards of VGA like as ATI , NVIDIA GeForce

Hard Drive

Hard Drive or Disk drive: computer hardware that holds and spins a magnetic or optical disk and reads & writes information on it - It is A computer’s primary storage device, which (reads and writes) data on a hard disk.
The hard drive interface primarily in use today is the newer serial (SATA) interface. The older IDE parallel ATA (PATA) interface is not well supported on many.
motherboards today

RAM

what is the RAM ?
Random-access memory is a computer data storage. Today it takes the form of integrated circuits that allow the stored data to be accessed in any order, i.e. at random.

and it put in special socket in Motherboard.
it call Memory Banks

The processor (CPU)

what is the processor (CPU)?
central processing unit:(computer science) the part of a computer (a microprocessor chip)- that does most of the data processing: "the CPU and the memory form the central part of a computer to which the peripherals are attached"
wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn

A processor is a device that processes programmed instructions and performs tasks. The speed is measured in Megahertz or MHz. A single MHz is a calculation of 1 million cycles per second (or computer instructions)
that is the processor and put in special socket in the Motherboard

The motherboard

The motherboard is the main system board for the computer.
The motherboard has slots or ports for the attachment of various peripherals or support system/hardware. There is an Accelerated Graphics Port, which is used exclusively for video cards; Integrated Drive Electronics, -which provides the interfaces for the Hard Memory or RAM cards; and Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), which provides electronic connections for video capture cards and network cards, among others.
and there some motherboards included VGA and sound and Lane cards call (built in )

there are many different kinds of motherboards like as (Gigabyte and intel and MSI....)
and in it will put other parts on it like as (the processor ,Ram and another cards )

Case And Power Supply

We need to have Case with Power Supply to build the computer

-The computer case holds all the internal parts of your PC. Many case variations are available including tower cases, mid-tower cases, and desktop models.
-The computer case must support the form factor (size, shape, and so forth) of the motherboard. Most motherboards today follow the ATX form factor and are all very close in size. Any ATX computer case should be compatible with any ATX motherboard
and we can choose many different with shapes of cases-
and the important of all that the Power Supply



Choose an adequate power supply. Today, that probably means at least 300 watts. Too large a power supply will make more noise than necessary and will consume more electricity.